Conditional Statements:

• if Statement:

  • Syntax:

    if (condition) {
        // Code block executed if condition is true
    } elseif (another_condition) {
        // Code block executed if another condition is true
    } else {
        // Code block executed if none of the conditions are true
    }
    
    

• Switch Statement:

  • Syntax:

    switch ($variable) {
        case value1:
            // Code block executed if $variable equals value1
            break;
        case value2:
            // Code block executed if $variable equals value2
            break;
        default:
            // Code block executed if $variable doesn't match any case
            break;
    }
    
    

Loops:

• for Loop:

  • Syntax:

    for ($i = 0; $i < 5; $i++) {
        // Code block executed repeatedly until condition is false
    }
    
    

• while Loop:

  • Syntax:

    while (condition) {
        // Code block executed repeatedly as long as condition is true
    }
    
    

• do-while Loop:

  • Syntax:

    do {
        // Code block executed at least once, then repeatedly as long as condition is true
    } while (condition);
    
    

• foreach Loop:

  • Syntax:

    foreach ($array as $value) {
        // Code block executed for each element in $array
    }
    
    

• foreach loop for Associative Array

  • Syntax

    $assocArray = array(
        "name" => "John",
        "age" => 30,
        "city" => "New York"
    );
    
    foreach ($assocArray as $key => $value) {
        echo "Key: " . $key . ", Value: " . $value . "<br>";
    }
    
    Output :
    Key: name, Value: John
    Key: age, Value: 30
    Key: city, Value: New York
    

Common Functions with Conditionals and Loops:

• count(): Counts the number of elements in an array.
• empty(): Checks if a variable is empty.
• isset(): Checks if a variable is set and not null.
• in_array(): Checks if a value exists in an array.
• array_search(): Searches for a value in an array and returns the corresponding key.
• break: Exits the current loop or switch statement.
• continue: Skips the rest of the current loop iteration and proceeds to the next iteration.
• exit(): Terminates the script execution immediately.
• die(): Alias of exit().